PROPAGATION AND KAISING. 133 



end, cut a trench about six inches deep, prepare the cut- 

 tings as shown above, and place each six inches apart 

 against the bank so formed ; leave one or two eyes pj<r ^ 

 above ground, press the soil tight to them, and 

 afterwards level with the spade ; eighteen inches 

 from this row open another trench, and so proceed 

 until all is done. If the season should prove dry- 

 before the roots have got sufficient hold, it is ad- 

 visable to use water ; and if such be required do 

 not dribble, but give enough to soak down, that the 

 earth may be moistened below. One application in 

 this way will do more good than a dozen sprink- 

 lings, which only bake the ground on the surface, 

 without any benefit. This method is the most economical, 

 and all things considered, it is the best for the hardy 

 kinds, for which alone it is suitable. 



Another mode of increase by cuttings, technically 

 termed coiling is to take a length of cane, say from three 

 to four feet fong, and coil the lower part around on the 

 inside of a large pot, which is afterwards filled up with 

 earth (such as is recommended for 

 fruiting in pot culture), leaving a few 

 eyes above the top, Fig. 24. This is 

 of service only when strong and vigor- 

 ous plants are wanted in the least pos- 

 sible time for pot culture, and when 

 there are any long prunings to spare, 

 it is the best method that can be 

 adopted, but it is only in such cases 

 that it is of any use. 



Layers are branches of the plant 

 bent down, a part of each being covered with earth while 

 the base remains attached, Fig. 25. These layers throw 

 out roots and may be afterwards cut off from the mother 



