AND WIJSTE MAKING. 175 



(cordifolia) species, are working on the right basis, and 

 hope that they will be amply rewarded for the time, 

 patience, and study required in the undertaking. 



" Of late years I have been experimenting and observing 

 as to the proper methods of training vines of this class, 

 taking Clinton as the subject to work upon, and find that 

 the form of an arbor or canopy is the most successful, 

 as it approaches more nearly to the growth of the vine in 

 its natural state. I have two methods, one for vines 

 planted 10 feet or more apart, the other for those at a 

 lesser distance. The first may be called the " Horizontal 

 Spiral" method, the other "Horizontal Zig-Zag," long- 

 arm and spur-pruning is followed in both ; they include 

 the principle of retarding the flow of sap towards the top 

 of the vine, thereby, to a great extent, equalizing the dis- 

 tribution of fruit and wood-forming material. The trel- 

 lises are durable and inexpensive, and do away with near- 

 ly all the labor of tying. I am very glad indeed if you 

 have found anything in my former brief letter that may 

 be of interest to others, and if you think that drawings 

 of the above named methods of training might possibly 

 be useful additions to your book, I shall be happj to fur- 

 nish them. 



" I have, so far, succeeded in raising only two vines from 

 the original riparia seedling, but shall take pleasure in 

 sending you one of them early in the spring for trial. I 

 have named it the " Golden Delaware," and am certain 

 that it will compare favorably with its namesake. The leaf 

 is strong and folds in a peculiar manner, and the fruit is 

 exceedingly delicate and refined assuming a beautiful, 

 golden color when ripe." 



In compliance with a request for a description of the 

 methods of training referred to in the foregoing letter, 

 Mr. Cashin furnishes the following, accompanied by 

 sketches from which the engravings are made : 



