268 AMERICAN GRAPE GROWING 



sap, they may sometimes be saved by grafting, when the 

 cion will take up what would otherwise stagnate. But 

 if the reader will take my advice, he will not plant a 

 vineyard in a frosty location, as "an ounce of prevention 

 is better than a pound of cure." 



" Coulure," or imperfect setting of the fruit, follows 

 sudden changes in the weather, and has done much 

 damage this year, when cold, damp, foggy weather was 

 followed by hot days, when a hot wind blew from the 

 north for nearly three days and nights, early in June; 

 the vines, whi3h were in bloom at that time, did not set 

 more than half a crop, while those which bloomed later 

 suffered comparatively but lifctle damage. Some varie- 

 ties, such as the Malbec, and others of that class, seem 

 to suffer almost constantly from it, and the best preven- 

 tive is, not to plant such kinds. I know of no remedy 

 which could be applied, and fortunately it is of rare 

 occurrence here. 



Eed Leaf, or Spanish Measles. This will prove identi- 

 cal, I think, with the disease the French call Anthracnose. 

 It generally appears in midsummer, when the fruit is 

 but half grown. The leaves of the vine show red spots, 

 finally become red altogether, and drop off. The young 

 fruit becomes discolored, first grayish, then shrivels up, 

 and turns black. Very often only a certain branch of the 

 vine is affected, while all the others are healthy; a vine 

 may have it one summer and be entirely free from it the 

 next. It is most destructive on the Mission grape, al- 

 though it attacks all varieties more or less. It has never 

 been very destructive as yet. An application of sulphate 

 of iron in solution is recommended as a remedy, applied 

 in spring; some also recommend sulphur, but I can see 

 no benefit from the latter. 



Among the insects injurious to the vine, found in this 

 State, the most formidable certainly is the phylloxera, 

 and it has already made serious inroads upon this in- 



