WINE MAKING. 283 



" In an experiment made recently in Yolo County, after 

 having submerged the entire vineyard for nearly two 

 weeks, such a well being on the place, the ditch water 

 was shut off from twenty acres of the vineyard, and 

 while the water still covered the entire surface to the 

 extent of over nineteen acres, the pump was run five 

 hours, supplying the seepage and raising the water five- 

 eighths of an inch over the entire surface, showing that in 

 twenty-four hours three inches in excess of the seepage 

 could be added to nineteen acres after the ground had 

 been saturated. 



"Cost of planting and cultivating, irrigating, labor, 

 subsistence, etc., including total expense for first year, is 

 from twenty to twenty-five dollars per acre, if thoroughly 

 well done; second year, fifteen to twenty dollars; third 

 year, many varieties, if well cared for, yield a profit; if 

 not well attended to it may take a year or two longer. 

 Nothing pays better than care, and nothing loses more 

 surely than negligence in vine growing. In pruning, the 

 habit of each variety grown should be closely studied. In 

 grafting great care should be taken to choose stock with 

 w r ood of similar growth; if the variety desired is a coarse 

 wood and large grower, a similar stock should be selected; 

 if wood is of fine texture and slow growth, a wood of fine 

 texture should be selected as grafting stock. As fruit 

 growing is destined to be the pursuit of a large portion of 

 the agriculturists of this State, and their experience shows 

 a yearly increase of insect pests, doing great damage to 

 the various branches of the industry, a State entomolo- 

 gist, whose duty should be to study the habits of all in- 

 jurious insects and assist in devising means for their ex- 

 termination, seems to be an actual necessity; also, the 

 enactment of some law compelling those careless of their 

 own interests to keep their fruit farms from breeding in- 

 sects for the contagion of surrounding districts." 



