Pruning. 1 5 



essentially a thinning process. In the winter prun- 

 ing, all the canes of the last season's growth are cut 

 away except from two to six, which are left to make 

 the fruit and wood of the next year ; and each of 

 these remaining canes is headed back to from three 

 to ten buds. The number and length of the canes 

 which are left after the pruning depend upon the 

 style of training which is practiced. A vine which 



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3. DIAGR M 



may completely cover a trellis in the fall, will be 

 cut back so severely that a novice will fear that the 

 plant is ruined. But the operator bears in mind 

 the fact that the grape, unlike the apple, pear and 

 peach, does not bear distinct fruit-buds in the fall, 

 but buds which produce both fruit and wood the 

 following season. 



Let us now suppose, therefore, that we have 

 pruned our vine in the fall of 1891 to two canes, 



