The Upright -System. 41 



make canes. These two canes are now tied to the 

 wire, which was stretched in the spring of 1892. 

 In this case, the branches start near the surface of 

 the ground. Sometimes only a single strong shoot 

 grows, and in order to secure the two branches it 

 is broken over where it passes the wire, and is us- 

 ually tied to a stake to afford support. Fig. 1 1 

 shows this operation. A bud will develop at the 

 bend or break, from which a cane can be trained 

 in the opposite direction from the original portion, 

 and the T-head is secured. 



The close of the second season after planting, 

 therefore, will usually find the vine with two good 

 canes extending in opposite directions and tied to 

 the wire. The pruning at that time will consist in 

 cutting off the ends of these canes back to firm and 

 strong wood, which will leave them bearing from 

 five to eight buds. The third season, shoots will 

 grow upright from these buds and will be tied to 

 the second wire, which has now been supplied. 

 Late in the third season the vine should have much 

 the appearance of that shown in fig. 12. The 

 third wire is usually added to the trellis at the 

 close of the second season, at the same time that 

 the second wire is put on ; but occasionally this is 

 delayed until the close of the third season. Some 

 of the upright shoots may bear a few grapes this 

 third season, but unless the vines are very strong 

 the flower clusters should be removed; and a three- 

 year-old vine should never be allowed to bear 



