CONTENTS 



CHAP. PAGE 



III. But wind does not thus depend on density ; cloudy or misty 

 weather does not necessarily produce wind, while wind is pro- 

 duced when the morning sun dissipates the air. Democritus is, 

 therefore, wrong . . . . . . . . -195 



IV. Wind arises in two ways from the interior of the earth by emis- 

 sion like wind on the stomach ! and from evaporation . . 196 



V. The air has inherent power of movement, which is the chief cause 



of wind, evaporation being a less powerful one. Water has the 

 power of moving and of imparting life to animals and plants . 197 



VI. Fire even, the destroyer, sometimes generates life. Air in like 

 manner has a peculiar power of its own . . . . .197 



VII. Breezes before dawn arise from rivers, etc. Do not last long . 198 



VIII. The "gulf" wind (tyicoXirlas) : its origin and duration . . 198 



IX. Connection of winds with seasons of the year and with the heat 



and light of the sun. The sun does not directly cause the winds 200 



X. Some cite the Etesian Winds as proof that he does. They blow in 



summer when the snows melt and the moisture is carried South . 201 



XI. But as to the effect of the sun, there is no analogy between the 

 Etesian Winds, which do not spring up till late in the day, and the 

 winds which rise at dawn and fall as the day advances . . 202 



XII. Cloud squalls (twefoas). Their formation and combinations . 203 



XIII. The breaking up of clouds produces wind. Air, in an effort to 

 get free, or heat, may produce this. Interruption of free passage 

 may produce a whirlwind, just as an obstacle in a river a whirl- 

 pool. Violent whirlwinds take fire (wprjffTrip). Some winds pro- 

 duce different ones. An analogy holds between air and drops of 

 moisture. A union of forces in air or in dew is necessary to give 

 impulse and produce a current. Air and wind are merely a matter 



of degree .......... 204 



XIV. Mode in which the subterranean winds are generated and make 



their escape .......... 205 



XV. Ancient miners of Philip's saw rivers and vast underground 

 reservoirs. It is some consolation to read such a story, which 

 shows greed is no new vice : the older generations were as reck- 

 less as we are in their quest for treasure better hid . . . 207 



XVI. The four cardinal winds. The full list includes twelve. Their 

 names and directions ........ 208 



XVII. The great circles of the earth which give twelve divisions, and 

 therefore prescribe the possible number of the winds . . . 2 Id 



XVIII. The uses of wind and the illustration afforded of the wisdom 

 of Providence. The crops are dependent on it. So is commerce. 

 But we make the sea a highway to war and not to peace. We 

 go to seek for death, as if it were not always near. Xerxes, 

 Alexander, Crassus are warnings of the mischievous use of power 

 to cross the sea. Better, perhaps, the winds had never been 

 given at all. But the value of a natural gift must not be esti- 

 mated by the depraved use of it. Every gift, even sight and 

 speech, man has perverted in the same way . . . . 212 



