346 PHYSIOLOGY. 



under control of the cranial nerves. The habitual position 

 becomes somewhat " fixed," so it is true that character 

 is often shown by "the looks." Cultivation of happy 

 thoughts therefore tends to make one better looking. 



Muscles and Fat. Fat fills in space between muscles, 

 and, if abundant, forms a layer over the muscles. One 

 notable instance is the hollow triangular space between 

 the muscles of the cheek. If there is very little fat, a 

 depression is seen, forming the "hollow cheeks." But 

 an abundance of fat makes a corresponding elevation. 



Convulsions. These spasmodic actions are due to dis- 

 ordered action of the muscles, and, further back, to the 

 disturbed action of the nervous system that controls the 

 muscles. Various disturbances, such as indigestion, may 

 by reflex action bring on convulsions. 



Rigor Mortis. Rigor mortis (death stiffening) is a 

 muscular rigidity due to the coagulation of muscle plasma. 

 It usually sets in not long after death, the time of its 

 appearance and its duration being variable. 



Some Prominent Muscles. The deltoid on the shoul- 

 der is a noticeable muscle. The biceps and triceps have 

 already been studied. The calf muscle is one of the 

 thickest and strongest in the body. The great muscles of 

 the rump are needed to raise and hold the body up. On 

 each side of the front of the neck is a muscle easily ob- 

 served in thin persons. It extends down to the top of the 

 breast bone. 



Sculpture and Anatomy. The sculptor needs to be a 

 thorough student of anatomy, so far as the bones and mus- 

 cles are concerned. If he knows the muscles thoroughly, 

 he can make them " stand out " naturally. Otherwise his 

 work cannot be truly good. 



