30 PIONEERS OF SCIENCE IN AMERICA. 



mineral springs there are in America, and Bartram sends him 

 what information he has and can get from others. 



Bartram also exchanged letters with Philip Miller, author of 

 the Gardener's Dictionary; with George Edwards, who in 1766 

 sends his book, containing descriptions of birds that the Penn- 

 sylvanian had sent him; with Prof. John Hope, of Edinburgh; 

 and with the ablest observers of Nature in the colonies, among 

 whom were Dr. John Mitchell, Rev. Jared Eliot, John Clayton, 

 Cadwallader Golden, and Dr. Alexander Garden. 



In 1744 he writes, "Dr. Gronovius hath sent me his Index 

 Lapidae, and Linnaeus the second edition of his Characteres. 

 Plantarum, with a very loving letter desiring my correspond- 

 ence, and to furnish him with some natural curiosities of our 

 country." The same year he sends to England his Journal of 

 the Five Nations and the Lake Ontario, describing a journey 

 he had made the preceding fall. It contained an account of 

 the "soil, productions, mountains, and lakes " of those parts of 

 Pennsylvania and New York through which the route lay ; and 

 gave the proceedings of a great assembly of Indian chiefs held 

 to treat with the agent of the Province of Pennsylvania, whom 

 Bartram accompanied. This journal was afterward published 

 in London. 



The visit of Peter Kalm to America took place in 1748 to 

 1751. He travelled through Canada, New York, Pennsylvania, 

 and adjoining provinces; made the acquaintance of the Gray's 

 Ferry botanist, and obtained much assistance from him. It 

 has been alleged that Kalm took to himself the credit of some 

 discoveries which rightfully belonged to Bartram. This would 

 not be suspected from reading Kalm's Travels, in which he 

 gives Bartram a page and a half of hearty commendation, say- 

 ing among other things: "We owe to him the knowledge of 

 many scarce plants, which he first found, and which were never 

 known before. ... I likewise owe him many things, for he 

 possessed that great quality of communicating everything he 

 knew. I shall, therefore, in the sequel frequently mention this 

 gentleman." On nearly every one of the next twenty pages 

 credit is given to Bartram for information. 



In 1751 Benjamin Franklin and D. Hall published at Phila- 

 delphia an American edition of Dr. Thomas Short's Medicina 

 Britannica, " with a Preface by Mr. John Bartram, Botanist, of 

 Pennsylvania, and his Notes throughout the work ; . . . and 



