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X Rosa contifolia, L. 



The Cabbage Rose. Indigenous on the Caucasus and seem- 

 ingly also in other parts of the Orient. Much grown in 

 South Europe and South Asia for the distillation of Eose- 

 water and Oil or Attar of Eoses. From 12,000 to 16,000 

 roses, or from 250 Ibs. to 300 Ibs. of rose-petals are required 

 according to some calculations, for producing a single ounce 

 of Attar through ordinary distillation. The flowers require 

 to be cut just before expansion ; the calyx is separated and 

 rejected ; the remaining portions of the flowers are then 

 subjected to aqueous distillation, and the saturated rose- 

 water, so obtained, is repeatedly used for renewed distilla- 

 tion, when from the overcharged water the oil separates on 

 a cold place and floats on the surface. But some other 

 methods exist for producing the oil, for instance it may be 

 got by distilling the rosebuds without water at the heat of 

 a saltwater bath. The odor may also he withdrawn by 

 alcoholic distillation from the Eoses, or be extracted by the 

 " enfluerage " process. The latter is effected by placing the 

 flowers, collected while the weather is warm, into shallow 

 frames covered with a glass-plate, on the inner side of which 

 a pure fatty substance has been thinly spread. The odor of 

 the flowers is absorbed by the adipose or oleous substance, 

 though the blossoms do not come with it in direct contact ; 

 fresh flowers are supplied daily for weeks. The scent is 

 finally withdrawn from its matrix by maceration with pure 

 alcohol. Mr. Jos. Bosisto's method for obtaining the most 

 delicate and precious volatile oils will likely be applicable 

 also to the Eose, and prove more advantageous both in labor 

 and gain than any other process. Purified Eucalyptus-oil 

 can be used for diluting Eose-oil, when it is required for the 

 preparation of scented Soap. 



Rosa Damascena, Miller. 



Orient. Allied to the preceding species, and also largely 

 used for the production of essential Oil of Eoses. 



Rosa Gallica, L. 



The Trench or Dutch Eose. Middle and South Europe, 

 Orient. The intensely colored buds of this species are par 



