108 SHEEP FARMING IN AMERICA 



coaltar dips are given various names, as "Zeno- 

 leum," "Naptholenm," ' ' Day tholeum, " etc., and 

 similar in composition and effect. The directions 

 often say to use them at a strength of 1 to 100 ; that 

 is, of one part of dip to 100 parts of water. This is 

 not safe in combating scab, and as the cost of dip- 

 ping is mostly in labor, the writer always uses them 

 at a strength of 1 to 40, and has had no failure 

 to cure every sort of parasitism and has never in- 

 jured a sheep by its use. 



In truth, one winter when scab broke out among 

 some undipped sheep (that had been dipped in Chi- 

 cago, but imperfectly) and the farm flock became 

 infected, we dipped all in the middle of winter, turn- 

 ing back to the old quarters, and cured each case 

 effectually, so that there has never been a reappear- 

 ance of the disease upon the farm. The dipping 

 was repeated in ten days to give chance for eggs to 

 hatch. 



This thorough dipping also eradicates ticks, which 

 is no small matter. 



While I use and like for the dipping of farm 

 flocks the coaltar dips, I should mention that on the 

 ranges where great numbers of sheep are treated 

 the lime and sulphur dip is in common use. Lime 

 and sulphur boiled together make a chemical com- 

 pound very destructive to insect life. Many sheep- 

 owners believe that nothing else is so effective as 

 lime and sulphur. Assuredly it is effective, when 

 rightly compounded, and it is cheap. I cannot rec- 

 ommend the eastern farmer to bother with it; con- 



