I'ENTANDRIA. DIGYNIA. 195 



and unequal, 5 to 8 lines long;. Umbellets crowded, more 

 or less, 20-flo\vered, of wlilch the half are abortive; invo- 

 lucell 5-leaved, lanceolate-acuminate, meinb;-anaceous, 

 unUateral, a little shorter than tlie flowering' nmbell. Ca- 

 lix 5-toothed, acute, distinct. Petals oval acuminate, 

 involute, yellow. Styles filiform, divaricate. Fruit ob- 

 long-ovate, angularly striate; about the size of Caraway- 

 seeds. Hab. ' On the arid and denudated plains of the 

 Missouri, commencing about 30 miles below the conflu- 

 e)ice of White river. Flowering in May. — S. lucidum. 

 T. N. in Fraser's Catalogue, 1813. It appears io be allied 

 to Smyrnium, but of a very different habit, and the fruit 

 accords wit'i this genus. 



281. SMYRNIUM. L. (Alexanders.) 



Fniit roundisli tuid solid, somewhat late- 

 rally compressed, angularly ribbed. Seed (black- 

 ish), gibbously convex, marked with 3 angular 

 elevations. 



Flowers yellow, in the centre of the umbell abortive. 

 Calix obsolete; petals incurved, acuminate. Involucre 

 always and involucell mostly wanting. Stem leaves sim- 

 ple pseucio-ternate or biternate. 



Species. l.S. integerrhnum. Obs. Leaflets oval and 

 entire, with a point. Radii of the umbell divaricate, 

 filiform. Involucell 3-leaved or 3-toothed, very small 

 and often deciduous. Calix minutely 5-toothed; petals 

 oblong, acuminate, involute. Styles divaricate, longer 

 than the germ, stigmas subcapitate. Fruit large, about 

 the size of a lentil, suborbicular, laterally compressed, 

 blackish; seed gibbous, angular elevations inconspicuous. 



Hab. Chiefly on the principal range of the Alleghany 

 mountains; plentiful in the mountains of Pennsylvania. 

 Flowering ii> May and June. 



2. S. trifoUatiim Leaves crenate, radical subcordate, 

 uppermost 3-parted; flowers yellow. Obs. Involucell 

 3-leaved, unilateral. Calix 5-toothed. Petals oval, acu- 

 minate, involute. Fruit small, blacklsli, somewhat late- 

 rally compressed; seeds gibbous marked with 3 immar- 

 ginate angular elevations, exclusive of the inner mar- 

 gins; intervals substriate, commissure flat. — Thapsia tri- 

 foliata, LiXN. Cnidium trifoliaUnn, Ctisson. Smyrnium 

 cordatiim, Walter. All these synonyms as well as that 

 of Michaux, excepting Walter's, as far as they regard the 

 fruit, evidently apply to some other species, probably to 

 .-S". oAropurpurexany or S. aureum 



