SYNGENESIA. iE^UALIS. 129 



A genus of 2 species indig'enous to Europe. 



537, CYNAIIA. Z. (Artichoke.) 



Calix dilated, imbricate, scales carnose, 

 emarginate with a point. JReceptade setose. 

 Pappus sessile, plumose. 



Leaves large, similar to those of Jcanthii»p\nnsAifid and 

 spiny. 



Species. 1. C. Scohjmus. (Common Artichoke.) Becrin- 

 ning" to be naturalized and proving- a iroublesonne weed in 

 some parts of Virginia. — Indigenous to the south of Eu- 

 rope. 



o38. CARDUUS. L. (Thistle.) 



Calix ventricose, imbricate, scales spiny. 

 Receptacle villous. Fapp%is pilose or plumose, 

 deciduous. 



Leaves usually spiny, decurrent or sessile. Stigma 

 nearly entire. Antliers bifid at the base, the segments 

 simple or penciliate. Seeds smooth and shining. Pappus 

 articulated to a glandular ring. 



SrcOiEs. \.Q>. pcczznatus. *■}■'. 



§ II. Cnicus. Pappus plumose. 



2. lanceolatvs. Naturalized. 3. altissimus. On the allu- 

 vions of the Missouri, not far from St. Charles, I liave ob- 

 served tliis thistle 12 to 18 feet higii. 4 arvensis. Not 

 commonly na-uralized. Abundant romd Detroit. I have 

 never seen it in I'ennsy'ivania. 5. imiticns. 



6. * ghiher. Leaves sessile, pinnatifid, everywhere 

 smooth, segments spiny, acute, lower ones subdecurrent; 

 calix ovate, glabrous, scales spineless, shortly and seta- 

 ceous'.y mucronate, obtusely carinate; stem much branch- 

 ed. Mag. In New Jersey Allied to C. vzuticus. 4 or 5 

 feet high and slenderly branched. 



7. vi:\^nnzanus. Stem attenuated, mostly l-flov/ered; 

 leaves sessile, lanceolate-linear, margin revolute, distantly 

 and spinosely seirate, beneath tomentose, above very 

 smooth; calix ovate, scales appressed, shorLlv mucronate, 

 carinate, carina glandulous. Hab. In the forests of North 

 and South Carolina, common. Stem 3 or 5 feet high, slen- 

 der, attenuating nearly into a solitarv and almost naked 

 peduncle; flower purple, somewhat larger than tlsat of C. 

 avvemis. Leaves aunR-rous towards the base of the stem. 



