204 



ENDOCRINE GLANDS 



times, when the hydrocephalus is very marked, congestion 

 then atrophy of the optic disk are the only symptoms. Ocu- 

 lar paralysis in the parts supplied by the oculo motor nerve 

 (strabismus, diplopia) can be early symptoms. 



Auditory disturbances are also met with : they consist 

 of buzzing, or whistling sounds. After a time: bilateral, 

 but unequal deafness, is the rule. 



Finally, when the symptoms of hydrocephalus grow 

 rapidly worse, signs of cerebellar compression are noticed : 



FIG. 19. Diagram of the relationship of the pineal 

 body to other structures. (According toTestnut). 1. 

 Pineal body. 2 and 3. Anterior and posterior corpora 

 quadrigemina. 4. Cerebellum. 5. Pons. 6. Pituitary. 

 7. 4th ventricle. 8 Aqueduct of Sylvius. 9. Corpus 

 callosum. 10. Lateral wall of 3rd ventricle. 





vertigo, nystagmus, tremors, asynergy, or paralytic, uni- 

 lateral or bilateral phenomena. 



In certain tumors, (teratoma) which contain cartilage- 

 nous tissue or calcarious deposits, the radiological exami- 

 nation will reveal abnormal shadows in the region above 

 the sella tursica. 



EVOLUTION. 



Tumors of the pineal gland usually start with symptoms 

 of intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus; for instance 

 the headache, the vomiting, the visual disorders are the 

 first signs to attract attention. The dystrophic changes 

 occur after a time and allows us to localize the tumor. In 



