218 ENDOCRINE GLANDS 



Souques believes that infantilism is always of testicular 

 origin. The atrophy of the genital organs and the more 

 or less complete absence of secondary sexual character- 

 istics observed in thyroid and pituitary infantilism, really 

 are due to an insufficiency of the interstitial gland. In 

 other words, the thyroid or the pituitary cause infantilism 

 by the intermediary of the genital glands, either because 

 the primary thyroid lesion or pituitary lesion acts by 

 glandular synergy on the testicle, or that the arrest of 

 development which results from it, affects the testicle, 

 like all the other tissues and alters its internal secretion. 



Sicard has an intermediary theory and believes that 

 infantilism is due to both a thyroid and a testicular lesion. 

 Lereboullet finally admits that late infantilism of adults 

 can be the result of a primary pituitary alteration, whether 

 the thyroid be affected secondarily or not. 



II. SYNDROMES OF HYPERORCHIDIA. 



The hyperfunction of the genital glands manifests 

 itself by a great many changes which affect the organism 

 as a whole. 



In animals the testicles increase in size; the secondary 

 sexual characteristics are modified; the feathers take on 

 bright colors in birds; the horns appear on the deer at this 

 period. The perineal glands secrete a strong and pene- 

 trating odor. The animals lose weight, are irritable, 

 want to fight and are jealous. 



In man, according to Carnot and Baufle, we can distin- 

 guish between permanent and paroxysmal hyperorchidia. 



(A) PERMANENT HYPERORCHIDIA. This may be con- 

 stitutional. Such individuals have certain peculiarities: 

 the lips are thick and fleshy; the nostrils are open, the eyes 





