320 ENDOCRINE GLANDS 



as regards the use of atropin and suprarenalin. Eppinger 

 and Hess have obtained in certain individuals after an 

 injection of pilocarpin conditions resembling well-defined 

 clinical pictures. In the gastro intestinal tract signs of 

 hyperacidity with esophageal cardiac and pyloric spasms, 

 in the lungs, respiratory disturbances simulating asthma. 

 These findings have brought these writers to believe that 

 asthma, pylorospasm, angina, etc., have a common cause 

 in that they are brought about by certain conditions 

 which will act upon the pneumogastric and are observed 

 in vagotonia. The good results obtained in some of these 

 cases by the use of atropin are a proof of an irritation of 

 the vagus. 



I. EMOTION. COMMOTION. The majority of reflex 

 reactions which characterize emotion do so through the 

 vagus and the sympathetic, visceral, spasticity, trembling, 

 tachycardia, alternating vaso constriction and vaso 

 dilatation, sensation of coolness of the extremities, dermo- 

 graphia, salivation, tears, gastro intestinal and uri- 

 nary changes. 



It is possible that the endocrine glands act on the emo- 

 tions, as believe the American physiologists, and that the 

 suprarenal glands exert their action by the secretion of 

 suprarenalin which stimulates the sympathetic. Other 

 glands of internal secretion can feel the shock of an emotion. 



It is a well-known fact that Basedow's disease can first 

 appear following a strong emotion. Cannon has been able 

 to produce hypersecretion of the thyroid by stimulating 

 the afferent nerves to the suprarenals or by the injection 

 intravenously of a dilute solution of suprarenalin. Emotions 

 are also liable to cause other glandular disturbances, such 

 as, glycosuria, stoppage of menses or of the milk secretion. 



Emotion appears as a disturbance of equilibrium of the 

 sympathetic and the endocrines. Certain emotional states, 



