328 ENDOCRINE GLANDS 



cases, the suprarenal intervenes by the production of an 

 excess of suprarenalin. The sclerodermia and the melano- 

 dermia which co-exists with it would be caused by an 

 oversecretion of suprarenalin. (Touchard). 



IV. LOCALIZED SYMPATHETIC SYNDROMES. 



I. CERVICAL SYMPATHETIC SYNDROMES. 



This includes Ocular syndromes 

 Facial hemiatrophy 

 Migraine 



A. OCULAR SYNDROMES. 



I. PHYSIOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTATION. The cervical 

 sympathetic has two physiological particularities which 

 have a clinical application: 1. Its vaso-motor action. 

 2. Its action on the eye. 



(a). The vaso-motor action. The cutting of the cervical 

 sympathetic or the removal of the superior cervical 

 ganglion will cause a dilatation of the blood vessels, an 

 erythema and congestion of the tissues on the correspond- 

 ing side of the face, eyes, mucosa of the nose, mouth and 

 tongue. In the rabbit, the ear shows a remarkable dila- 

 tation of all the veins in which the blood shows a red 

 color. The local temperature is distinctly higher than 

 on the other side. Stimulation of the sympathetic causes 

 the opposite effect: 



1. A constriction of the blood vessels by vaso-con- 

 striction. 



2. A decrease in the local temperature. 



(b). Action on the Eye. The cutting of the sympathetic 

 in the rabbit at any one point of its cervical course will 

 cause on top of a vaso dilatation of the back of the eye: 



