340 ENDOCRINE GLANDS 



tory spot, at the point of junction of the sacrum and 

 the spinal column; 2. The iliac spot, corresponding 

 to the bifurcation of the iliac artery into its two branches, 

 internal and external iliac, located at the bisectorline of an 

 angle formed by a line uniting the umbilicus to the anterior 

 superior iliac crest and by a line which unites the two 

 anterior superior iliac crests at 4 cm. of the median line; 

 3. Lanz point, at the union of the external and middle 

 third of the bi-iliac line. MacBurney's point, located at 

 the middle of the unbilical iliac line on the right side. 

 These last two points correspond to the appendix. 



Coeliac neuralgia gives rise to paroxysmal attacks either 

 gastric or intestinal. 



The gastric crises which manifest themselves by dyspeptic 

 disturbances: anorexia with gastric intolerance, resemble 

 those of tabes. The enteralgia crises manifest themselves 

 by attacks of diarrhea with occasional entero colitis. 



III. ETIOLOGY. 



The solar syndrome has many causes : 



1. PERITONITIS. Whether we are dealing with acute 

 peritonitis, by perforation of a gastric ulcer or subacute 

 (post operative or by obstruction), of chronic peritonitis 

 (tuberculous or alcoholic), the solar syndrome is deter- 

 mined not by the inflammation of the peritonium itself, 

 but by lesions of the solar plexus or its terminal ramifica- 

 tions. Peritonitis is to the solar plexus as meningitis 

 is to the cerebral cover and the sympathetics express 

 the pain of the nerve elements. In acute peritonitis the 

 parenchymatous lesions predominate: the nerve cells 

 are swollen and show signs of degeneration. In certain 

 cases, there is a disappearance of the nerve cells. In the 

 chronic forms there is noticed a leucocytic invasion of 



