354 ENDOCRINE GLANDS 



Other organs act in the same manner as regards 

 their extracts. 



Caussade and later Oppenheim caused a marked hyper- 

 trophy of the suprarenal capsules by repeated injections 

 of extracts of these glands. The organs became from 

 4 to 6 times as large as normal, in similar experiments 

 carried out by Loeper, on guinea pigs and rabbits. 



Babes and Jonesco were able to obtain an increase of 

 anywhere from 10 to 30 times the weight of the organ. 



Pituitary extract, administered to rabbits by Renon 

 and Arthur Delille, caused also a hypertrophy of that 

 organ and particularly histological changes showing 

 an increased secretory activity. Hallion and Alquier 

 obtained similar results. Guerrini has reported analo- 

 gous findings. 



The pituitary, the suprarenals, the thyroid which are 

 particularly characteristic, vascular organs are not the 

 only ones which manifest this phenomenon. Frouin 

 surgically isolated the stomach of dogs from the rest of 

 the gastro intestinal tract and measured the quantity 

 of gastric juice secreted. By injecting in these animals 

 gastric juice (previously neutralized so as not to cause any 

 irritation), there was an increase in the gastric secretion; 

 the same results were obtained if gastric juice was absorbed 

 by the intestines this fact, by the way, demonstrates the 

 efficacy of organo therapy by ingestion. 



Similar facts have been shown with the mucosa of the 

 duodenum. It is a well-known fact that Bayliss and 

 Starling discovered in the duodenal mucosa a substance: 

 secretin, which when injected in the blood causes an 

 increase in the secretion of the pancreas, the liver and the 

 intestines. Enriquez and Hallion have shown that this 

 substance was in living animals secreted by the duodenum 

 as an internal secretion. (This fact was believed but 



