THE SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM 371 



and some very good results have also been obtained in 

 pulmonary tuberculosis. 



RENAL ORGANO THERAPY. The kidney has two secre- 

 tions : one external, which is the urine, the other internal, 

 which seems to act mainly as an antitoxic substance. 



Maceration of the kidney and serum from the renal 

 veins, as well as peptic extract (Gilbert and Castaigne) 

 and glycerinated extract are used. Renal organo therapy 

 has given the best results in the acute symptoms of 

 uremia and in eclampsia of pregnancy. In acute nephritis, 

 complete cures have resulted. This type of medication 

 is contraindicated when there is a decrease of elimination 

 of urine after the first dose. 



BLOOD ORGANO THERAPY. The best example of this 

 is blood transfusion which does not belong to the 

 present subject. Preparations of blood or of hemo- 

 globin are still utilized and still preserve, in spite of the 

 digestive juices certain physiological effects. In thera- 

 peutics, however, blood serum is the preparation most 

 commonly employed. 



The serum is employed either liquid or dried, by mouth 

 or by injection (serum of normal animals). It is used in 

 infections to stimulate phagocytosis, in hemophilia and as 

 a stimulant of nutrition in general. In anemias, normal 

 serum may be used or serums of animals which have been 

 bled repeatedly and are, therefore, in a state of regen- 

 eration. (Carnot). 



SPLENIC ORGANO THERAPY. This aims chiefly to 

 stimulate the normal functions of the spleen, that is, 

 lymph and blood forming. This type of organo 

 therapy seems to have also some effect on deficient 

 bone marrow. 



Fresh spleen is used very occasionally; as a rule as a 



