T32 DEAN LEWIS 



Total removal of the hypophysis was not apparently followed by 

 polyuria, neither was injury of the anterior lobe alone. 



Camus and Koussy(fr) have come to the following interesting conclu- 

 sions concerning the relation of the hypophysis to diabetes insipidus and 

 glycosuria. 



In a large number of hypophysectomies, partial or total, performed by 

 them through the buccal-transpalatosphenoidal route, they observed marked 

 polyuria. In the first two animals operated upon the polyuria was so 

 great that the urine overflowed the 1 and 2 liter receptacles which had 

 been placed beneath the cages. 



They came to the conclusion as a result of their experimental work 

 that the polyuria is not due to interference with hypophyseal function, 

 for removal of the hypophysis (whether total or limited to one lobe) did not 

 influence diuresis. A total hypophysectomy was performed upon two ani- 

 mals, one of which developed polyuria, and one did not. In the animal 

 which developed the polyuria it was found that the base of the brain 

 had been injured. 



As a result of this observation they later began to injure the part of 

 the floor of the third ventricle which borders upon the hypophysis with a 

 heated needle, the hypophysis being carefully spared. They performed 

 this experiment 5 times and in each instance produced a marked polyuria. 

 No change was found in the hypophysis in any of these cases. 



Another experiment performed upon two animals consisted of removal 

 of the hypophysis. After this operation total hypophysectomy transi- 

 tory polyuria was noted. At the second operation which was performed 

 after a lapse of some time polyuria equalling in intensity or even more 

 marked than the first developed. In both of these operations the base of 

 the brain was injured, the first time unintentionally and the second time 

 intentionally. In one animal the polyuria was extreme, lasting from 

 October to May. In this animal glycosuria was noted for several hours 

 after the puncture. 



Camus and Roussy came to the conclusion that the lesion which de- 

 termines whether or not a polyuria develops is in no way connected with 

 the hypophysis. In five of their cases in which an intense polyuria de- 

 veloped the hypophysis w r as unaffected. Total hypophysectomy performed 

 without injuring the base of the brain is not followed by polyuria. Previ- 

 ous removal of the hypophysis does not prevent the development of 

 polyuria, if, during the second operation, the optopeduncular region is 

 injured. 



A superficial lesion of the base of the brain, often involving only the 

 surface and produced involuntarily in the removal of the pituitary body, 

 is followed by polyuria. 



Tho optopeduncular region marks the zone within which a lesion 



