PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY 777 



lumina of the vessels. The anterior lobe was more markedly affected than 

 the posterior, where it was found only in the walls of the larger vessels. 



Myxomatous changes in the posterior lobe were observed by Boyce and 

 Beadles (&) in "a few cases." 



Colloid is normally present in amounts increasing with age, in the 

 pars intermedia, and in much smaller quantities in the alveoli of the 

 anterior lobe. The colloid is sometimes greatly increased, usually oc- 

 curring in large and small cysts in the pars intermedia. In the anterior 

 lobe it is also occasionally found in excessive amounts in small cyst-like 

 cavities, the result of overfilling of the gland acini ; and also as masses 

 of homogeneous material in the thin-walled blood vessels. Thorn observed 

 "hypercolloidosis" of the hypophysis in a case of "carcinoma of the liver" 

 with marked icterus. He thought that the bile was a factor in the produc- 

 tion of the colloid, because Hiithle found it increased in the thyroids of 

 dogs suffering from jaundice due to ligation of the common bile duct. 

 Strauch has recorded excessive amounts of colloid in the acini of the 

 hypophysis of a 9-year-old girl with hydrocephalus associated with poly- 

 dipsia, polyuria and adiposity. Boyce and Beadles (a,) observed an in- 

 crease in extra-acinar colloid in cases of myxedema. Schoenemann studied 

 112 hypophyses and classified them in 5 groups. In the 5th group of 9 

 cases he placed those showing marked colloid production. 



Glycogen is present in all of the organs of the body as an integral 

 part of the cells. In a few organs, especially the liver, it is also present 

 as a result of storage. Neubert has studied the glycogen content of the 

 hypophysis and found it increased in diabetes mellitus. 



Pigmentation 



In the neurohypophysis there is usually present yellow to yellowish- 

 brown pigment. Ordinarily it is not abundant; occasionally it may be 

 sufficient in quantity to give the posterior lobe a brownish color. As a 

 rule it is not diffusely distributed through this part of the gland, but is 

 collected in one or more rather circumscribed areas. Much of it is 

 apparently intracellular ; but it also appears in small irregular clumps 

 that cannot be associated with any cell. It is neither lipochrome nor 

 melanin. It is not crystalline, like hematoidin, and does not give the 

 microchemical test for iron like hemosiderin. In one of my specimens it 

 surrounded a space which was present in a large number of serial sections, 

 thus somewhat resembling an "apoplectic cyst" of the brain. It did not 

 give the reaction for iron, and was not, therefore, of hematogenous origin. 



The chemical nature of this pigment is not understood. According to 

 Clunet and Jonnesco, and Kanavel and Lewis it is not changed by the 



