780 J. P. SIMOKDS 



pophyses of dogs with "street rabies" contained the virus of the disease. 

 He believed that the continuity of the neurohypophysis, through the infun- 

 dibulum, with the ventricles of the brain to be an important etiologic factor 

 in the pathogenesis of the changes which he observed. 



Dialti observed changes which he thought due to increased activity of 

 the cells of the anterior lobe, in typhoid fever, pneumonia, and uremia. 

 In tetanus, smallpox, septicemia, hydrophobia and meningitis he encoun- 

 tered changes of a degenerative character in the hypophysis. In tubercu- 

 losis, Thorn found the hypophysis frequently enlarged and sometimes 

 hyperemic. Dialti and others have recorded proliferation of connective 

 tissue in the anterior lobe in chronic tuberculosis of the lungs. This is 

 not characteristic of this disease, however, for it is not infrequently ob- 

 served in connection with other pathological conditions. Thaon(a) studied 

 the hypophyses from 23 tuberculous individuals. In one instance he found 

 a small area of necrosis which was not a tubercle. In a number of the 

 cases there was proliferation of connective tissue, and, more rarely, peri- 

 vascular accumulations of leucocytes, Schmidtmann, in a considerable 

 number of cases of tuberculosis, observed the following changes in the 

 hypophysis : Hyaline degeneration of the walls of the blood vessels, fatty 

 changes in the cells of the anterior lobe, amyloid degeneration, and in- 

 creased pigment in the neurohypophysis. 



Alterations in the Hypophysis Associated with 

 Changes in the Thyroid Gland 



The presence of colloid in the hypophysis and certain resemblances in 

 the histologic structure of the pars intermedia to that of the thyroid, 

 early led to attempts to correlate the functions of these two glands. The 

 problem has been studied from material obtained at autopsy and by experi- 

 mental methods. 



Schoenemann examined the hypophyses and thyroids from 112 bodies 

 arid attempted to correlate the changes found in them without arriv- 

 ing at any definite conclusions. Tolken examined the hypophyses from 

 a large number of individuals with simple colloid goiter and found 

 no noteworthy changes in size, weight or histologic structure. It would 

 appear, therefore, that simple goiter is not accompanied with alterations 

 in the hypophysis. 



Very little attention appears to have been paid to the condition of the 

 hypophysis in exophthalmic goiter. Benda(a) examined 3 cases. In 2 of 

 these the hypophysis was small and firmer than normal; the connective 

 tissue was increased, and the alveoli were small and contained few chromo- 

 phil cells. The cells were atrophic, vacuolated and contained dark pig- 

 ment. In the third case the hypophysis showed no gross changes. Micro- 



