802 J. P. SIMOKDS 



recorded cases (McCarthy and Karsner, Hainan, Wolf, Berblinger(a,), and 

 Merkel, each one case; Fraenkel, 2 cases; Simmonds(c), 5 cases; Schmorl, 

 8 cases) , in which data were given, the primary tumor was in the breast 6 

 times ; in the thyroid gland, 3 times ; in the bronchi or lungs, 3 times ; in 

 the floor of the third ventricle of the brain, twice; and once each in the 

 esophagus, prostate, and the skin about the ear. All of the primary 

 tumors were carcinomas except the two in the base of the 3d ventricle, 

 which were sarcomas. The metastatic tumors of the hypophysis are usu- 

 ally small. That reported by Wolf, however, was the size of a hen's egg. 

 In 12 cases the metastatic tumor was in the posterior lobe; in 2, in the 

 neurohypophysis and pars intermedia; in 3, in the anterior lobe; in 2 

 instances the entire gland was involved; and in one, the tumor was 

 limited to the pars intermedia and infuiidibulum. Of these 20 cases, 11 

 showed polyuria. One patient was very obese, and one was emaciated. 



Cysts of the Hypophysis 



Necrosis of the central portions of a tumor of the hypophysis may 

 produce a cyst-like cavity filled with fluid. Most frequently the cysts of 

 the hypophysis are benign cranio-pharyngeal duct tumors. These cysts 

 may be small or large, single or multiple, and may have walls that are 

 smooth or, more often, studded with papillary growths. They are lined 

 by stratified squamous epithelium. After middle age, small colloid-filled 

 cysts are found almost constantly in the pars intermedia. Occasionally 

 such cysts may acquire considerable size. 



Animal Parasites in the Hypophysis 



Soemmering observed an echinococcus cyst, with 15 echinococci, in 

 the hypophysis. Roger reported the case of a. 13-year-old boy in whose 

 aella turcica he found an echinococcus cyst containing 59 grams of fluid. 

 Kufs(fr) has recently described a case of cysticercus meningitis, with a 

 cysticercus cyst of the hypophysis the size of a pea. 



Widakowisch found a nematode worm, which he was unable to iden- 

 tify, coiled up in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis of a cat. This 

 portion had been almost totally destroyed by the parasite. No clinical 

 data as to the degree of adiposity or the presence of polyuria were re- 

 corded. Widakowisch believed that the worm probably reached the 

 hypophysis from the ventricles of the brain through the infundibulum. 



