PATHOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE PINEAL 37 



of the spinal cord, and also in an old woman in whom there was a 

 complicating psammoma of the dura. Virchow has also collected a group 

 of similar cases as reported by Meckel (1815), Oesterlen (1845), Lieu- 

 taud (1796), and Morgagni. As part of a general pluriglandular dys- 

 trophy in a myxedematous acromegalic, Heurot (1882) found a hyper- 



Fig. 1. Photograph of patient with teratoma of pineal. Mild Frohlich's syn- 

 drome. Cachexia, slight genital character precocity. 



trophied pineal body. Legros (1873) has gathered many of the ancient 

 reports of hypertrophy. 



From the standpoint of the present day pathology these need careful 

 differentiation, as some of the ancient observations would be -classified 

 as well differentiated tumor formations, and many other so-called hyper- 

 plasias are really not hyperplasias but atrophies with neuroglia placques, 

 cysts and sandy concretions. They are enlarged pineal bodies, but not* 

 to be considered as hypertrophies of any functioning cellular elements. 

 Marburg (1920) has accented this and Bell (1917) has comparatively 

 recently gone over the question in adding two new cases to the literature. 



