118 FRANK A. HARTMA1ST 



Suprarenal grafting in mammals has been somewhat more successful, 

 although the earlier experimenters failed. 



Boinet(a) was unable to prolong the life of encapsulated rats by intra- 

 peritoneal grafts, Hultgren and Andersson were unsuccessful with intra- 

 muscular grafts in cats and rabbits. Strehl and Weiss tried placing the 

 suprarenaliloosely in a pocket made from the musculature of the abdominal 

 wall or else in the liver or kidney but without success. 



Poll made careful histological studies of grafted suprarenals, a ma- 

 jority of which were placed either under the skin or else in the muscles. 

 Twenty-three out of fifty-four cases showed regeneration of a small part 

 of the cortical tissue while the medullary substance entirely disappeared. 



The work of II. and A. Cristiani(fr) deserves special attention because 

 it follows the development of the histological changes which occur in a 

 transplanted gland. Their method consisted in removing one of the supra- 

 renals of a rat and planting it as a whole or in pieces in the peritoneal cav- 

 ity of the same animal. In from one to six days the graft had been envel- 

 oped in the omentum, to which it adhered, and the peripheral region of the 

 cortex had begun to regenerate where new vessel's were penetrating. Re- 

 generation advanced more and more into the necrosed portion being pre- 

 ceded by new vessels. The medullary layer entirely disappeared being 

 replaced by cicatricial tissue. 



In whole glands the failure of the medulla to regenerate might be due 

 to the long period elapsing before the interior of the transplant is reached. 

 However it was found that division of the gland so that medullary cells 

 could have an early opportunity to become vascularized, made no difference 

 although in a few instances the observers appeared to find regeneration of 

 some medullary tissue; but they were never able to obtain the typical 

 reaction with potassium dichromate. 



In spite of the apparently satisfactory regeneration of the cortex, 

 the grafts were never able to replace the function of the normal supra- 

 renals for the removal of the latter caused death just as in animals not 

 possessing the grafts. 



It has been shown that grafted cortical tissue may survive for a long 

 period. Stilling (c) (d) has found typical cortical tissue in suprarenal trans- 

 plants in the testicle of the rabbit after three years, v. Haberer obtained 

 dislocation grafts which functioned successfully. The gland with its vascu- 

 lar pedicle intact was implanted in the kidney. In time the original pedi- 

 cle completely degenerated while a new vascular system developed from the 

 kidney. In seventeen dogs both glands were transplanted at different in- 

 tervals. Five animals survived this operation for years without the de- 

 velopment of symptoms of insufficiency. Histologically the medulla was 

 shown to have regenerated. 



These authors found that the region of the suprarenal near the vas- 

 cular stalk remained alive and served as the starting point for the re- 



