468 



HOMEE WHEELON 



the body of an animal of the opposite sex possessing functioning generative 

 organs fails to influence the economy of the receptor (Fig. 14). Castra- 

 tion of the experimental animal a neutral somatoplasm is a condition 

 sine qua non for the ingrafting and efficiency of the heterological gonad, 

 the transplanted organ perishing if castration is omitted. If the repro- 

 ductive tissue of the two sexes is simultaneously placed in a neutral animal 

 the interstitial tissue of both sexes will intermingle in their growth and 

 produce hormones (Sand, Steinach and Boruttau). Such dual implanta- 



Fig. 14. Drawing to show the degree of encapsulation and peripheral vasculariza- 

 tion of a testicular transplant among the shoulder muscles of a normal female white rat 

 24 weeks after placement. The granular material at the upper border of the trans- 

 plant represents masses of degenerated spermatic tissue and new fibrous growth. 

 (Original.) 



tions into a previously spayed female results in the development of male 

 secondary characters and skeletal and muscular growth comparable to that 

 of the male. Psychically the subject behaves at times as a male and at 

 other times as a female. As a male it will fight off other males and seek 

 and attempt to mate with rutting females. At cyclic intervals it behaves 

 as a female and will be sought and courted by males. At these periods 

 it will not fight males and behaves indifferently toward the females; the 

 mammae become enlarged. Double implants in males bring about similar 

 results. If, however, male interstitial tissue predominates, male characters 

 will predominate, and vice versa. It therefore appears as though the 

 gonadal hormones are not antagonistic (Biedl) but exert their influence in 

 proportion to the degree and quantity of their delivery to the somatoplasm 

 (Sand). 



