476 DAVID M. DAVIS 



cases were in oryptorchids, others in those with scrotal testes. Clinical 

 data are usually lacking, but in one case the man was married, though 

 there is no record of offspring in any case. Neither is there any mention 

 of hypergenitalism. One case in a cryptorchid showed genital hypoplasia. 

 In one case the cells were somewhat irregular and showed mitoses, but 

 though microscopically the organ resembled a tumor, its size had been 

 stationary for years. Apparently the interstitial gland differs from such 

 organs as the thyroid and pituitary, in that simple hyperplasias are not 

 accompanied by signs of hyperfunction. 



Anomalies of Migration 



Interference with the normal descent of the testes may be said to be 

 due to causes which obstruct it temporarily or permanently, amongst 

 which may be enumerated (1) defects of the mesorchium, (2) paralysis, 

 absence, or faulty insertion of the gubernaculum, (3) narrowness of the 

 vaginal process, or large size of the testicle, (4) shortness of the spermatic 

 cord, (5) rudimentary or obliterated scrotum, and (6) premature oblit- 

 eration of the inguinal canal. Adhesions due to an early peritonitis have 

 been suggested as the cause of abdominal ectopias, but do not explain 

 most cases. Adhesions in the inguinal canal are usually secondary to 

 trauma or inflammations. Trusses and bandages often cause the testicle 

 to seek abnormal locations after it has emerged from the inguinal canal. 

 The point should be made that delayed descent is frequent, and that ectopia 

 testis is not therefore necessarily a definitive condition. Descent into the 

 scrotum may occur as late as the fifty-eighth year (Sebileau and Des- 

 comps). 



As to the frequency of this condition, it has been observed in 1.25 per 

 1000 of conscripts. Among 10,800 soldiers, one bilateral cryptorchid was 

 found. It is about equally common on the two sides. Sixty-seven per 

 cent of all cases of cryptorchidism are said to be inguinal and twelve per 

 cent iliac. The abdominal or infrarenal form is rare. 



Other abnormalities often coexist with cryptorchidism, and it is 

 common in pseudohermaphroditism. Normally descended testes may re- 

 ascend as the result of pressure, trauma, or muscular effort, sometimes 

 reaching the abdomen. 



Anomalies of migration may be classified as (1) arrested migration, 

 (2) aberrant migration, (3) intermittent migration. 



Arrested Migration. The testicle may remain in the abdomen, in 

 which case it may be in the lumbar or infrarenal position, or in the iliac 

 position. If it lies in the iliac fossa proper, it is the superior iliac 

 position; if at the internal inguinal ring, the inferior iliac position. In 



