258 A. I. RINGHBK A^ T D EMIL J. BAUMANN 



TABLE VIII 

 INFLUENCE OF ADRENALIN ox BLOOD SUGAK * 



Rabbit I 



Rabbit II 



Before Injection 



After injection of 1.0 mg. of adrenalin subcutaneously 



* Bang's experiment. 



the power, through its hyperactivity, to cause a discharge of the glycogen 

 in the liver which is followed by hyperglucemia and glucosuria. 



There is no interference with the animal's power to utilize carbo- 

 hydrates, i. e., to oxidize it, after adrenalin administration. 



Influence of the Pancreas. In 1889 von Mering and Minkowski made 

 the pathfinding discovery that the complete removal of the pancreas of an 

 animal is followed by the appearance of marked glucosuria, with all the 

 other symptoms of human diabetes. It was later, found that with this 

 glucosuria there runs parallel a very marked hyperglucemia. The glu- 

 cosuria persists even if no carbohydrate is given in the food, and it was 

 found that the sugar in the urine bears a definite relationship to the nitro- 

 gen that is excreted. For every gram of nitrogen that was found in the 

 urine 2.8 grams of glucose were present. Since one gram of nitrogen is 

 contained in 6.25 grams of protein, it is evident that the depancreatized 

 dog has the power of converting 6.25 grams of protein into 2.8 grams 

 of glucose. 



The glycogen completely disappeared from the liver in spite of the 

 high blood sugar concentration, and if carbohydrate was administered to 

 the animal, it was quantitatively eliminated in the urine. 



Experiments in which only portions of the pancreas were removed re- 

 vealed that animals have a large "factor of safety" in their pancreas and 



