EFFECTS OF CERTAIN DRUGS AND POISONS 773 



decrease of blood uric acid parallel to the urinary uric acid increase, little 

 need is found for an explanation beyond that of increased permeability of 

 the kidney for this metabolite. According to McLester the blood uric acid 

 eventually attains an irreducible minimum. 



Fine and Chace have shown that when the administration of the drug 

 is stopped the initial blood concentration is restored in from two to 

 four days. 



According to Starkenstein and Wiechowski the allantoin excretion is 

 reduced and the total formation of purin bodies is inhibited. The same 

 authors maintain that piqure and asphyxial glycosurias are inhibited as 

 by calcium, and that the drug besides an antipyretic possesses an anti- 

 phlogistic action, entirely inhibiting mustard oil chemosis. 



VIII. Ammonia, Aniins, Alkaloids, Purins, Etc. 



Ammonia. Underbill and Goldschmidt showed that organic ammon- 

 ium salts are quickly and completely transformed into urea. The fate 

 of the inorganic salts is more complicated. While a part are converted 

 into urea another portion is excreted unchanged. Still a third part of 

 the inorganic salts are temporarily retained, following which an augmented 

 nitrogen excretion is noted. 



Grafe found that ammonium salts increase oxidations in rabbits. 



Hydrazin. Underbill and Kleiner (a) showed that this poison pro- 

 duces fatty degeneration of the liver. Underbill and Murlin showed that 

 it increases the respiratory quotient of fasting dogs, the increased combus- 

 tion of sugar accounting for the hypoglycemia which occurs. It does 

 not specifically affect the heat production. 



Ethylenediamin. This proteinogenous amin lowers the body tempera- 

 ture of rabbits: a tolerance to this effect is acquired within a few days. 

 (Barbour and Hjort.) 



Iso-amylamin, Phenylethylamin, and Tyramin. All of these increase 

 the nitrogen metabolism, especially in thyroidectomized animals (Abelin). 

 Tyramin increases the total metabolism in man, lowering the alveolar car- 

 bon dioxid, as shown by Barbour, Maiirer and von Glalm. These effects 

 are antagonistic to morphin action. Phenylethylamin and tyramin raise 

 the body temperature of dogs. Morita found that tyramin and similar 

 drugs cause glycosuria, and Iwao that tryamin produces hemosiderosis 

 in rabbits. 



Beta-tetrahydronaphthylamin. This is the most powerful pyretic 

 poison known. Mutsch and Pembrey have shown that it increases the 

 carbon dioxid excretion but not that of nitrogen. DeCorral maintains 

 that it causes hyperglycemia and increases the hyperglycemia caused 

 by narcotics. 



