802 



AELIE V. BOCK 



Solutions for intravenous use should always be made, not only with 

 care as to the character of water used, but also as to the nature and con- 

 centration of substances in the solutions. Also, great care must be taken 

 in filtration to remove extraneous or undissolved particles, and in steriliza- 

 tion. The storage of all solutions on ice in the interim before using them 

 is important. Before injection any solution should be warmed to body 

 temperature. In the case of fluids having no greater viscosity than blood, 

 the rate of injection is not significant unless excessive amounts of fluid are 

 given. When amounts of fluid exceeding 1 per cent of body weight, or 

 when solutions of high viscosity are injected, caution as to the rate of 

 injection is necessary. Special care is always advisable when intravenous 

 infusions are given to cases of nephritis. 



The methods for administration of intravenous fluid are numerous. 

 The simplest of these depends upon gravity to force fluid into the vein. 

 The syringe method, with a three-way stopcock, so widely used for the 

 administration of salvarsan, is one of the most satisfactory and efficient 

 methods. The apparatus designed by Robertson for the transfusion of 

 citrated blood is also adapted for use 'with other solutions than blood. In 

 order to introduce known amounts of sugar at a tolerant rate, the method 

 of timed intravenous injections by means of a pump, as devised by 

 Woodyatt, Sansum and Wilder, and later improved by Woodyatt(&) is to 

 be recommended. 



