384 



THE RERPTRATION 



stead of readily yielding up its load of 2 , would greedily retain prac 

 tically the whole of it. The curve, in other words, would satisfactorily 

 explain why hemoglobin should readily absorb 2 from the alveolar air, 

 but would fall far short of explaining how this 0, is readily released 

 when it is required in the tissues. Obviously there is some artificial con- 

 dition present in the above experiment which can not obtain in the nat- 

 ural environment of the blood. 



WO 

 <<0 



do 



70 

 GO 

 50 

 HO 

 30 

 2.0 



10 

 



10 ZO 30 HO 50 bO 10 80 10 100 



Fig. 138. — Average dissociation curves. 



Ordinates — Percentage saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen. 



Abscissae — Tension of oxygen in mm. of mercury. 



Curve A — Degree of saturation of pure hemoglobin solutions at varying pressures. 



Curve B — Disregard this curve. 



Curve C — Effect of 20 mm. CO2 pressure on above solution. 



Curve D — The saturation curve in normal blood at 40 mm. carbon dioxide pressure. 



Since hemoglobin takes up 2 in proportion to its iron, it can not be 

 because of changes in the 2 combining part of the hemoglobin itself 

 that blood and pure hemoglobin solutions have dissimilar dissociation 

 curves, but rather because of differences in the environment in which the 

 hemoglobin acts. That this is so can be readily shown by plotting the 

 dissociation curve, not for a hemoglobin solution, but for blood itself 



