i III METABOLISM OP 1 HE < ABBOHYDBA I 



and von Mering in Germany, and de Dominicis in Etaly, by thorough 

 extirpation of the gland, succeeded in producing in dogs a marked and 

 persistent glycosuria, accompanied by many of the other symptoms of 



diabetes. The first two authors attributed the idition to removal of 



an internal secretion. 



The course of the diabetes thus produced is. however, somewhat diffi 

 cut from thai usually observed in man. It is extremely acute from the 

 start, tlic (!: X ratio being 1 Mt'> (see page 664 . and it is unaccompanied 

 by any of the classical symptoms Been in tin- clinical « • < n i « 1 i t i < > n . Exp< 

 mental pancreatic diabetes can, however, be made to simulate very clos 

 tin- disease in man. This was first of all demonstrated by Sandeme 



• 



who found that it' the greater part of tic- pancreas was removed, tin 1 

 animals I'm- some months, if at all. were only occasionally glycosuric, 

 lmt later became more and mure frequently so, until at last the conditi 

 t ypical of complete pancreatectomy supervened. Similar results 1 

 nnne recently been obtained by Thiroloix ami Jacob, in Prance, ai •! by 

 Allen in this country. These investigators poinl out that differenl 

 suits are to he expected according to whether the portion <»f panci 

 which is left does, >>v does not. remain in connection with the duodenal 

 duct. When this dud is Ligated, atrophy of any remnant of panel 

 that is left is bound to occur, ami this is associated with rapid emacia- 

 tion of the animal, diabetes ami death. When the remnant surrounds a 

 still patent duct, a condition much more closely simulating diabetes in 

 man is likely to become developed one. namely, in which there is. 

 some months following the operation, a more or h-s S mild diabel 

 which, however, usually passes later into the fatal type. 



It is. of course, difficult to state accurately what proportion o 

 pancreas must he Left in or, in- that the above described condition may super- 

 vene. Leaving a remnant amounting to from one-fifth to one-eighth 

 of the entire gland is commonly followed by a mild diabetes, wher 

 if only one-ninth or less is left, a rapidly fatal typ - As in 



clinical experience, the distinguishing feature between the mild ami the 



ere types of experimental pancreatic diabetes is the tolerant 

 carbohydrates. In the mild form, no glycosuria develops unless rbo- 



hydrate food is taken: in the severe form, it is pies. -lit when the diet is 



composed entirely of flesh. It is thus shown that "by removal o 

 suitable proportion of the pancreas, it is possible to bring an animal 

 to the verge of diabetes, ye1 to know that the animal will n< 

 become diabetic. . . . Such animals, therefor valuable 



objects tor jnd'_ r iiiL r the effects of various agencies with 

 diabetes" A.llcn It therefore becomes theoretically possible to in- 



vestigate, on the one hand, other conditions whirl) will have an inHii- 



