I ill \i rONOMIl ■■: i;. 



same manner as the vagui l 



musculature of the gastrointestinal tract, inclu 



vagus as far as the end of the Bmall 



from this poinl on. It must of remem 



muscles namely, the Bphinctera of the Bmall 



receive their nerve supply from the sympathel 



structures innervated by the sympathel 



the action of epinephrine, it lias been disco 



by the bulbosacral system are verj susceptible to tl 



choline, which is presenl in ergot. I 



nor arc the structures upon which this arts . 



AXON REFLEXES 



At this place 11 is convenient to consider for a momenl tl 

 mm which has already been referred to as an axon [| 



covered that when oi f the hypogastric nerv< 



end stimulated there was a reflex contraction of tin- bladder ami I 



ternal anal sphincter, along with vasoconstriction in tl 



turn ami thai this occurred, even after disconni the in- 



teric ganglion from the .spinal cord by cutting the Lumba 



Injection of nicotine immediately abolished tl ■ [1 



if reflex action was possible through the ganglion; which ■ 



the name "sympathetic" originally given i<> the involunti 



tein in the belief thai the ganglia were centers for local i 



Further investigation showed, however, that this refl< 



those occurring in the voluntary system, hut is dependenl 



presence of a collateral on internuncial fibers that run thn 



ferior mesenteric ganglia to nerve cells Bituated peri' 



walls of the bladder and rectum. Th( (laterals termii 



around nerve cells in the ganglion, th( hich, i 



lam to the bladder, the rectal hi 1 vess "1 the int 



ani. The evidence for this explanation d< 



the axon reflex is no longer possible after the iun 



been cu1 and lime allowed for their fibers to ; 



erated. 



Similar reflexes depending on coll 



chain, and there can he little doubl tl 

 throughout the whole involunl 

 w ithin the spinal cord, in the volunl I 



and the fact that ner\e fil 



that a st.imulus transmitted througl 



