( ^-vi ) 



Means of 



Coramuni- 



oation. 



temporalities and spiritualities of the See, which must have been rendered at 

 the Bishop's Exchequer in another form of inrolment. On the whole, there- 

 fore, it seems probable that the intention of the auditors at Wolvesey was to 

 enter such manors as were occasionally at farm by way of a schedule to the 

 regular series of bailiffs' accounts, in much the same way as certain foreign 

 accounts were appended as a schedule to the earlier Pipe Rolls of the Royal 

 Exchequer, and in both cases these entries were frequently appended 

 to the local accounts instead of being entered on a separate membrane.^ 



Local Notices. — The variations which have been noted in the titles of 

 the Episcopal Manors are not perhaps sufficient to cause any real difficulty 

 in their identification, in spite of the fact that the order of enrolment is 

 perfectly haphazard, and that there are few indications of local identity in 

 the body of the account. The principal manors of the See are easily 

 recognised, but several difficulties have been encountered in the identification 

 of tithings and field names. 



Amongst the casual topographical notices to be found in these manorial 

 accounts the enumeration of the tithings of various townships is of some value 

 at this early date. Local archaeologists will naturally be interested in the notices 

 which occur here of the episcopal seats at Famham, Taunton, and Winchester 

 itself. To these may be added several references to the residences at 

 Waltham, Olere, Harwell, Downton, Mardon, and Southwark. 



Geographical Distribution. — Of the thirty -five manors accounted for in 

 the roll, twenty-two lie in Hampshire. The rest are scattered here and 

 there in the neighbouring counties, Southwark, Adderbury, and Taunton 

 being the most distant on the east, north, and west respectively. The 

 Hampshire manors fall into two main geographical divisions. The first, 

 comprising sixteen out of the twenty-two, lies in the south-east of the 

 county, along the upper and lower Itchen and its estuary, and in the 

 chalk uplands to the east and west, forming an irregular circle round 

 Winchester and Bishop's Waltham. The second, a compact geographical 

 and economic group, lies in the high chalk downs on the northern 

 border, with its centre in Bishop's Clere.^ The isolated manor of Overton 

 lies between the two. The external manors, scattered as they are, may 

 also be considered as falling into two or three groups. Eour manors * 

 lie in the basin of the middle Thames, and have special economic 

 relations with Southwark. Two others * situated on the tributaries of the 

 upper Thames form outposts, as it were, of the estate to north and 

 north-west.^ Famham, on the River Wey, lies on the road between 

 Southwark and Winchester. Finally, the three Wiltshire manors,* with 

 Rimton in Somerset, form geographically a chain of connection between 

 Winchester and the important but isolated episcopal borough of Taunton. 



Intermanorial Communications. — Although these manors collectively 

 form a single economic whole, the internal management is, as a rule, 



* They are entered on the top margin of the roll for the sixth year. In the fourth year only 

 three are entered, Fonthill, Fawley, and Ower. An interesting inventory of the leased stock of 

 the first-named manor, as well as of that found in the manor of Ebbesborne (Bishopston), on its 

 resumption, appears in the roll for the sixth year. We also learn incidentally from later rolls that 

 other manors, previously omitted in these accounts, had been farmed, and amongst these are 

 Bentley, Ivinghoe, and Combe Florey. From the Rimpton account in the present roll we find that 

 this manor had been previously at farm. 



2 See "group" No. 1. ^ Harwell, Brightwell, Wargrare, Wycombe. 



* Adderbury, Wituey. * See the section on travellers. * Downton, Fonthill, Knoyle. 



