( -XX ) 



incidence of the Tallage. The system by which it increased and decreased 

 appears from the details of the " incrementum " and " defectus." 



The Incrementv/m. — The incrementum refers to the increase of rent 

 in the year of the account only ; next year it is added to the gross amount 

 of the gabulum, which thus continuously increases.^ Sometimes new 

 houses are built (at Brightwell, a new fulling mill), and for these in 

 future years rent is paid which increases the gabuUim} But a more 

 considerable addition arises from the cultivation of waste land. At 

 Cheriton rent is now first paid for two encroachments,* while at Witney 

 £2 11«. \d. in this one year forms a permanent increase " de assarto." * 



Another cause of an increase of the gabulum was the letting of the 

 demesne land at a money rent. At Witney 12«. &d. more is paid this 

 year because some of the demesne land had been so let." 



Hie Defectus. — The decrease in the gabulum may be due to causes 

 operating over a long period of time, as can be well seen in the accounts 

 of the Ministerium Wmfonice. But the most important decrease arises 

 from the enlargement of the demesne. Thus at Clere one piece of land 

 taken in reduces the gafol by 64s. ; another portion of 335 acres by 37s., 

 whilst at Otterford also the rent is reduced " pro dominico elargando " * 

 and in most of the manors both large and small pieces of land appear 

 as " tractae in dominium."' These deficiencies also did not arise in one 

 year, but in a series of years dating probably from the beginning of the 

 accounts. These entries, therefore, show that there was then little tendency 

 to decrease the amount of land held in the lord's own hand, either for 

 pleasure or profit. In one case, however, we find a holding " quae modo 

 operatur et non solebat." * 



Firma burgi. — Besides the regular gabulum, Taunton and Farnham 

 paid a "firma burgi" and Wallingford a " burgagium." ^ This means 

 that the sums due from the burgesses of these towns were farmed for a 

 lump sum, unless the town was "in the lord's hand." 



Firmce. — In the case of three manors " farms " are paid to the lord,'" 

 and in several other cases part of the produce of the manors is farmed. 

 Fawley, indeed, seems to have been only a sheep farm." Sheep are also 

 farmed at Hambledon,^^ and their milk at Menes.*' Rimpton seems to 

 have been lately at farm." 



On most of the manors mills also are let at farm," though in others 

 they are kept in the lord's hand, and have their own profit-and-loss 

 account.** 



Besides the gabulu/m, rent was paid for the use of certain demesne lands 

 entered in the accounts as Terroe Locatoe. At Waltham, Bitteme, and 

 Sutton the lands so let were rented at about 2c?. per acre." 



1 Thus at Waltham the gross gabulum is as follows:— 1208, 46/. 7*. 2^^. ; 1210, 46/. 11». 4^d. ; 

 1211, 46/. 17s. ^d. ; 1290, 75/. 3s. lid. 



2 At both Downham and Alresford there were new markets; in the former town ten places 

 were newly assized. 



* p. 80, 1. 20. * p. 16, 1. 34. 8 This expedient was as yet rare. 



6 p. 64, 1. 11 7 p. 1, 1. 68 ; p. 11, 1. 47 ; p. 55, 1. 50, &c. « p 26, 1. 10. 



' New Alresford does not figure in the present account. 



"> p. 80, 11. 7 to 10. See supra, p. xvi., n. 1. " p. 79, 1. 40. 



^2 p. 48, 1. 51. 31s. O^d. for 155 sheep seems to be at the rate of nearly 2^d. a sheep. 



13 p. 44, 1. 20. 4/. 2s. 6d. for milk of 412 sheep. 



" p. 72. 1* p. 30, 1. 34, Ac. « pp. 64, 67. 



I'f pp. 1, 30, and 41. At Menes 3d. an acre was paid, p. 44, 1. 23. 



