30 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



tion only to those appearances which we have 

 already named. 



It will be seen that during the first year the 

 nippers are nearly useless because of the uneven 

 surfaces of the teeth, some only being useable. 

 Then again the mouth is very tender during the 

 cutting of the teeth. During the second year the 

 foal is in the full enjoyment of the services of his 

 nipper teeth, which vary mostly in the degree in 

 which they are worn down. Of course, the in- 

 nermost ones being first cut, first come into use 

 and are most worn down. 



These temporary nippers begin to fall out or 

 are shed at the age of two and a half years, or 

 from that to three years, and are shed in the 

 order in w^hich they came; first, the central ones, 

 and so on, so that we may say a foal has the use 

 of his temporary or milk nippers from one year 

 old to two and a half, or in other words, so far as 

 his nippers are concerned, he has a ' full mouth' 

 from one year old to two and a half. 



20. — It is now time we began to study the anat- 

 omy of the permanent teeth in a rough and 

 ready way. We cannot get out of it if we wish 

 to be sure in telling a horse's age. Now-a-days 

 teachers discard pictures as worthless, and teach 

 by the aid of diagrams, so that you are not to 

 feel your vanity touched by our using diagrams 

 instead of pictures; for while you would find acres 

 of diagrams in our great Medical and Veterinary 

 Medical schools, you would be almost able to car- 

 ry on your back aU the pictures you would find. 

 But the two are judiciously combined sometimes; 



