52 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



If you notice a horse eating, you will see that 

 the lower jaw is pressed upwards against the 

 ui3j)er jaw, and moves from side to side. If the 

 movement of the lower jaw on the upper one 

 were a simple up and down movement, then the 

 muscles could be perpendicularly placed and their 

 bulk only allowed for, but seeing that the lower 

 jaw has to be moved from side to side, the mus- 

 cles have to be obliquely placed and so neces- 

 sitates the branches of the jaw being wide apart 

 at their hindmost part. But the lower grinders 

 are somewhat narrower than the upper and so 

 allow greater range of motion in grinding, so 

 that breadth of the upper jaw is essential as 

 well for allowing free masticating power, as for 

 power to breathe freely through wide enough 

 openings. 



32.-^This then necessitates width between the 

 eyes, and width between the lower jaws. In the 

 figure illustrating this lesson you will find three 

 diagrams, B, C, D, representing front face views 

 of three degrees of width. What has been said 

 will explain why narrow-faced horses are often 

 weakly, with narrow chests and long legs, and 

 disposed to have ^ thrushes ' in the ' frogs ' of 

 their fore feet, and are also prone to diarrhoea. 

 It would be beyond the province of this little 

 book to enter into a lengthened explanation 

 of these coincidences and shorter exj^lanations 

 would not suffice. 



33. — The side face should be deep for the same 

 reasons that the front face between the eyes 

 should be broad, that is, for roomy nostrils 



