64 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



as a corollary that if the muscles of the neck 

 habitually act in one jDosition more than in any 

 other position, the neck will become more and 

 more moulded into that position. Hence we see 

 the seasoned carriage-horse with powerful highly 

 developed muscles of the neck, which gives to his 

 neck a more massive appearance with its double 

 curve. The bearing rein, judiciously apphed, 

 effects this by compeUing the horse to keep his 

 head up and his nose in, which no doubt is tiring 

 at first, till the muscles of the neck get into con- 

 dition; just as in the case of the raw recruit who 

 has to keep his head up, shoulders well back, and 

 the palm of the hand open to the front. The 

 muscles in six weeks or less get into tone, and 

 there is an end to pain from restraint. 



The bearing rein does this good, it causes de- 

 velopment of the muscles of the neck, and enables 

 greater weight and strength to be thrown into 

 the collar. Consequently it enables those who 

 drive pairs to have both breeding and substance. 



In concluding this lesson, we have just to re- 

 mind the reader thafthe neck has two sources of 

 bulk, namely, the fibro-fatty mass which we have 

 before discussed, and the forced development of 

 the muscles. So that we may have both these 

 conditions in the same neck, or one only. 



We shall have more to say about the head and 

 neck in our next lesson. 



