74 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



After being so flexed, were it not to be dragged 

 forward by a muscle from without, but simply to 

 again extend itself instead of alighting at a'" it 

 would drop somewhere on the line between 

 a'" and h'" . In order to be carried from the 

 flexed position to the position o!' a'" ^ we find 

 a long, tape-shaped muscle moves it forward 

 through the distance we have named, and that j 

 this muscle has the hones of the neck and top^ 

 of the head for a fixed point or fidcrum. This 

 is a very important point for you to remember. 

 A fulcrum must be a fixed point, therefore when 

 this niuscle is acting, the neck must be fixed be- 

 cause this muscle has most extensive origin from 

 it. Its name is ' Levator Humeri,' or in English, 

 hfter of the arm. This is a misnomer, because 

 the muscle does not hft the arm, but hfts the 

 whole shoulder bodily upwards and forwards ac- 

 cording as the neck is situated. This * levator 

 humeri ' arises from the vertex of the head and 

 from the foremost four bones of the neck, also 

 through a strong elastic medium it arises from 

 the elastic ligament of the neck. After this ex- 

 tensive origin, it gets a most extensive insertion 

 to the shoidder as follows; the spine of the 

 scapula or shoulder blade, the point of the 

 shoulder, the strong outer ridge at the top of 

 the arm bone and to the arm bone at another 

 point near its lower end. < 



As the free and extensive movement of the 

 shoulder mainly depends upon this muscle, and 

 the longer the belly of a muscle the greater the 

 muscle's capabihty for contraction, and further, 



