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land over population, famines, defective means cf 

 communication, peculiar characteristics of the peo- 

 ple, &c. It is to these evils and not to the tenure of 

 the land, that attention should be directed ; arid 

 it seems to me that far more may be done to 

 remedy them, if Government remains the Land- 

 lord, than if the sole property in the soil be made over 

 to individuals. And there is yet one more cause a 

 cause more potent than any yet assigned, in its 

 influence OB the condition of the cultivators, and its 

 bearing on this highly important question. I allude 

 to the low degree of the intellectual development of 

 the people. I am fully alive to the magic of pro- 

 perty in the soil. I heartily concur in the opinion, 

 that if you give a man secure possession of a 

 bleak rock, he will turn it into a garden; and 

 if you give him a ten years lease of a garden, he will 

 convert it into a desert. But, I conceive that by a 

 man, is here meant, a thinking intelligent being, 

 one who not only knows his own interest, but knows 

 how to work it out; and, if Adam Smith's authority 

 is of any weight, this could not have been predicated 

 of an English man a century ago, and it cer- 

 tainly cannot be predicated of any race or section 

 of the people of India at the present day. 



English settlers and speculators, as pioneers, and 

 by the introduction of capital, will do much for the 

 material progress of the country; bat it must 

 never be lost sight of, that Englishmen iu India, 



