148 



BOTANY AND PHARMACOGNOSY. 



but as the partial carpels, or valves as they are termed, separate 

 from the walls or septa, the dehiscence is also known as septi- 

 FRAGAL. In cardamom (Fig. 90, C) the septa as well as valves 

 are united, and at maturity the latter separate and dehisce at points 

 in the margin corresponding to the mid-vein of the carpel, and 

 this form of dehiscence is known as loculicidal. In poppy 

 capsules (Fig. 91) there are a few openings beneath the united 



Fig. 91. Capsules of poppy (Papaver somniferum), whole and in transverse and 

 longitudinal sections, showing dissepiments and remains of radiate stigmas at the apex, 

 which are porous and through which the seeds are discharged, i, French capsules; 2, 

 German capsules. 



stigmas through which the seeds are expelled, and this form of 

 dehiscence is known as porous. In hyoscyamus (Fig. 89. D) a. 

 portion of the capsule comes off from the remainder like a lid, 

 and this form of dehiscence being circular or transverse to the 

 sutures of the carpel, it is called circumcissile. A capsule of 

 this kind is known as a Pvxis or Pvxidium. 



