248 



BOTANY AND PHARMACOGNOSY. 



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Fig, 134. Diagrams of cross sections of the flowers of a number of families of dicoty- 

 ledonous plants showing the number and position of the parts with reference to each other: 

 t, stem of plant; f, foliage leaf; b, bracts or leaves on the flower-stalk; s, sepals; p, petals; 

 a, stamens; c, ovary; per, perianth. A, Linaceae; B, Cruciferae; C, genus Citrus; D, 

 Rosaceae; E, Berberidaceae, showing nectaries (k) on the petals; F, Lauraceas, showing 

 staminodes (g); G, epigynous flower of Rubiaceae; H, Ericacea; I, Labiatae, showing 

 position of other flowers (sv) in the cymes; J, Violaceas showing spurred stamens; K, 

 Campanulacea;, showing bracts (a, p) the relation of the sepals (i, 2, 3, 4 and 5), and two pos- 

 terior hairy stamens; L, Leguminoss, showing the large posterior petal (p) known as the 

 vexillum or standard, the two lateral petals (v) situated under the standard known as alae 

 or wings, and the two anterior petals which are covered by the wings and partly cohering 

 to form a prow-shaped body called the carina or keel (k). Adapted from Warming. 



