CLASSIFICATION OF ANGIOSPERMS. 



379 



cultivated in Java, Ceylon, New Zealand and Australia, as well 

 as in Jamaica. 



There are two species which furnish the Cinchona bark (p. 

 517) of medicine : (i) Cinchona Ledgeriana (C. Calisaya Ledg- 

 criana), which has small, elliptical, coriaceous leaves, the under 

 surface of which is reddish ; small, yellowish, inodorous flowers, 

 and a short capsule; (2) C. succiruhra which has large, thin, 

 broadly-elliptical leaves, purplish-red calyx, rose-colored petals and 



Fig. 177. Cinchona Ledgeriana: A, flowering branch; B, bud and open flower* 

 C, fruiting branch. After Schumann. 



a very long capsule. While C. Ledgeriana yields barks containing 

 the highest amount of alkaloids, C. succiruhra is most cultivated. 

 Uragoga (Cephaclis) Ipecacuanha. The plants are perennial 

 herbs 10 to 20 cm. high, with a creeping, woody, hypogeous stem. 

 The roots are official in all of the pharmacopoeias (p. 467). The 

 leaves are elliptical, entire, short-petiolate. and with divided stip- 

 ules (Fig. 178). The flowers are white and form small terminal 

 heads. The fruit is a blue berry, with characteristic spiral 

 arrangement of the carpels. 



