398 



BOTAXY AXD PHAR.MACOGXOSY. 



root is used in medicine and was formerly official as Inula. It is 

 cylindrical, tapering, and in preparing the drug it is usually cut 

 into longitudinal pieces, which after drying are grayish-brown or 

 dark brown and longitudinally wrinkled on the outer surface, 



Fig. 182. Elecampane (Inula Heleniuni): A, one of the smaller leaves near the inflor- 

 escence; B, under surface of the leaf; C. hairs of leaf; D, transverse section of petiole 

 showing parenchyma (p), lignified bast fibers (b). sieve (s), tracheas (t), and somewhat 

 thickened cells of wood (w) ; E, F, G, successive stages in the development of the inter- 

 cellular or schizogenous oleo-resin canals of very young roots; H, sphere-crystals of inulin 

 as seen in the root after treatment with alcohol; I. single sphere-crystal. 



somewhat lighter in color on the cut surface ; the fracture of 

 thicker pieces is tough, of thinner pieces, short when dry; it is 

 pale yellow internally, with numerous radiate resin canals ; the 

 odor is aromatic ; the taste bitter and acrid. It is distinguished 



