CULTIVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS. 409 



safras officinale) ; hemlock spruce {Tsiiga canadensis) ; elm bark 

 (Uhiiiis fitha) ; prickly ash {Xanthoxylum americanuni). 



Deciduous and Evergreen Shrubs. Swamp-, bush- or tag- 

 alder (Alniis scrnilata) ; barberry bark (Berberis vulgaris) ; box- 

 wood (Biixiis scuipervircns) ; Jersey tea (Ceanothus anieri- 

 caiiiis) ; fringe tree {Chionanthus virginica) ; sweet fern (Coinp- 

 tonia percgrina) ; red osier bark {Cornns stolonifera) ; English 

 hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) ; mezereum {Daphne Mese- 

 rcuiii) ; American burning bush or wahoo {Euonymus atropur- 

 purcus) ; broom tops (Cytisus Scoparius) ; witchhazel (Haniam- 

 clis z'irgiiiiana) ; hydrangea (Hydrangea arhoresccns) ; black 

 alder (Ilex vcrticillata) ; mountain laurel {Kalmia lafifolia) ; 

 sweet bay (Laurus nobilis) ; wax myrtle or bayberry (Myrica 

 cerifera) ; peach (Amygdalus persica) ; buckthorn berries (RJiani- 

 nus cathartica) ; buckthorn bark (Rhamnus Frangula) ; cascara 

 sagrada (Rhamnus Purshiana) ; sumac (Rhus glabra) ; rose 

 flowers (Rosa gallica and Rosa centi folia) ; rosemary (Rosmar- 

 inus officinalis) ; elder flowers and bark (Sambncus canadensis) ; 

 European elder (Sambucus nigra) ; hardback (Spircca tomcn- 

 tosa) ; common arbor vitas (Thuja occidentaUs) ; cramp bark 

 (J'iburnum opulus) ; black haw (Viburnum prunif olium) . 



Twining 'AND Climbing Plants. American ivy or Virginia 

 creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) ; staff vine or false bitter- 

 sweet (Celastrus scandens) ; Carolina jasmine (Gelsemiuni scm- 

 pervirens) ; hops (Humuhis Lupulus) ; yellow parilla or moon- 

 seed (Menispermiun canadense) ; passion-flower (Passiffora 

 incarnata) ; bittersweet (Solanum Dulcamara) . 



Herbaceous Perennials. Yarrow (Achillea Millefolium) ; 

 aconite (Aconitum Napellus) ; sweet flag (Acorus Calamus) ; 

 star grass (Aletris farinosa) ; garlic (Allium sativum) ; holly- 

 hock (Althaa rosea) ; pulsatilla (Anemone species) ; chamomile 

 (A)ithemis nobilis) ; pleurisy root (Asclepias tubcrosa) ; wild 

 indigo (Baptisia tinctoria) ; wood betony (Bctonica officinalis) ; 

 American senna (Cassia niarilandica) ; helonias or blazing star 

 (ChanKTlirium luteum) ; black snake root (Cimicifuga racemosa) ; 

 bitter apple (Citrullus Colocynthis) ; lily-of-the-valley (Conval- 

 laria majalis) ; foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) ; echinacea (Echi- 

 nacea an gustifolia) ; water eryngo (Eryngium aquaticum) ; fennel 



