CRUDE DRUGS. 453 



spindle-shaped roots, or of more or less rectangular pieces, and 

 contains about lo per cent, of scammonin. 



Iponicca simidans, indigenous to the eastern slope of the Mex- 

 ican Andes, yields the Tampico jalap, which is more or less uni- 

 form in thickness, somewhat tortuous, and without any lenticels; 

 it contains about lo per cent, of resin, which is completely soluble 

 in ether and resembles scammonin. 



Wild jalap is the tuberous root of Iponicca pandurafa, a plant 

 growing in the Eastern and Southern United States. It contains 

 1.5 per cent, of an active resin. 



From the aerial stems of the common morning glory (Iponicca 

 purpurea Roth) Power and Rogerson (Am. Jour. Pharni., 80, 

 251, 1908) isolated a volatile oil and 4.8 per cent, of a soft resin 

 of which 15.5 per cent, is soluble in ether. 



The roots and stems of Ipomoca fistulosa, of South America, 

 yield 0.2 per cent, of jalapin (orizabin), a hexose, wax and tannin. 



KRAAIERIA. RHATANY. The dried root of various spe- 

 cies of Krameria (Fam. Leguminosae), small shrubs indig- 

 enous to South America, Mexico and the West Indies (p. 295). 

 There are three principal commercial varieties : ( i ) Peruvian 

 Rhatany, which is derived from plants of Krameria triandra, 

 growing in Peru and Bolivia; (2) Savanilla Rhatany, which is 

 derived from more or less disputed species of Krameria (K. 

 Ixina), growing in the United States of Colombia, British Guiana 

 and Brazil, and (3) Para or Brazilian Rhatany, which is sup- 

 posed to be derived from Krameria argentea, growing in Brazil. 



Peruvian Rhatany. Consisting of a more or less cylindrical 

 crown 50 mm. long and 15 to 20 mm. in diameter, and numerous 

 cylindrical, somewhat tapering, branching roots 10 to 40 cm. long 

 and I to 7 mm. thick ; externally brownish-red ; crown with rugged 

 and scaly bark ; roots smooth or slightly wrinkled longitudinally ; 

 fracture of bark slightly fibrous, of wood, tough and splintery ; 

 internally reddish, bark i to 2 mm. thick, somewhat easily sep- 

 arable from the lighter colored, slightly radiate wood ; odor slight ; 

 wood nearly tasteless, bark astringent (Fig. 196). 



Savanilla Rhatany. Crown more or less cylindrical or 

 spherical, rough, knotty; root externally dark reddish-brown, 

 somewhat purplish, with numerous transverse fissures at more or 



