CRUDE DRUGS. 



533 



I'rickly Ash. F. Clava-H erculis is a shrub (p. 305) found south 

 from Virginia to Texas, and furnishes the Southern Prickly Ash. 

 The latter, however, appears to be less valuable medicinally. 



Northern Prickly Ash. In transversely curved pieces, 

 occasionally in single quills, 2 to 17 cm. long, i to 2 cm. in diam- 

 eter, 0.5 to 3 cm. thick ; oviter surface light brown to brownish- 

 black, with grayish patches of foliaceous lichens, numerous small 

 black apothecia and whitish lenticels; fracture short, uneven; 



Fig. 233. Cinchonine sulphate: orthorhombic crystals from a saturated aqueous solution. 



inner surface light brown, finely striate longitudinally, with 

 numerous acicular crystals, phelloderm layer dark green, inner 

 bark with groups of converging medullary rays ; odor slight ; 

 taste bitter, acrid and pungent. 



Southern Prickly Ash. Transversely curved or irregularly 

 oblong flattened pieces, occasionally in single quills 5 to 30 cm. 

 long, I to 7 cm. in diameter, i to 4 mm. thick ; outer surface with 

 numerous conical cork-wings or their scars ; inner surface free 

 from acicular crystals (Fig. 238). 



