CRUDE DRUGS. 



579 



sicum ininiiiiiiin (Fam. Solanaceae), shrubs indigenous to tropical 

 America, and cultivated in tropical Africa, India and America, 

 and Japan. The commercial supplies are obtained from plants 

 cultivated in Natal, Sierra Leone and Zanzibar. The latter variety 



Fig. 252. Garden pepper {Capsicum annuwn): A, transverse section of pericarp 

 showing epidermis (ep) ; hypodermis (ko), some of the cells of which have thick suberized 

 walls and contain oil (o) and resin; parenchyma (pa); fibrovascular bundle (g) ; inner 

 epidermis (i, ep) composed of thick, lignified. porous cells. B, diagram of fertilized ovule 

 showing hilum (N), micropyle (m), integument (J), fibrovascular bundle (gf), embryo-sac 

 (Es), egg-cell (e), antipodal cells (a). C, longitudinal and transverse sections of a stone 

 cell from the inner epidermis showing the thickening of the inner and side walls. A, after 

 Hanausek; B, C, after Meyer. 



furnishes one of the best grades. Cayenne pepper is also known 

 as red pepper or chillies (p. 375). 



Description. Oblong, conical, laterally compressed, 1.5 to 

 4 cm. long, 6 to 10 mm. in diameter, with an inconspicuous 

 5-toothed calyx and sometimes a slender, straight pedicel about 



