654 BOTANY AND PHARMACOGNOSY. 



( 1 ) Resinolic Acid Resins include those that contam a 

 larg'e proportion of oxy-acids, which liave been obtained in a crys- 

 talHne condition, as abietic acid in colophony ; copaivic and oxy- 

 copaivic acids, in copaiba ; guaiaconic acid, in giiaiac ; pimaric 

 acid, in Burgundy pitch and frankincense ; and sandaracolic acid, 

 in Sandarac. 



(2) Resinol Resins are alcoholic or phenolic resins, 

 a number of which have been crystallized, as benzoresinol, from 

 benzoin; storesinol, from styrax ; gurjuresinol, from gurjun bal- 

 sam ; and guaiacresinol, from guaiac resin. 



(3) Resinotannol Resins are aromatic derivatives that 

 behave towards iron salts and some other reagents like tannin 

 and yield picric acid on oxidation with nitric acid. The follow- 

 ing have been isolated : Aloeresinotannol, from aloes ; ammoresino- 

 tannol and galbaresinotannol, from ammoniac ; peruresinotannol, 

 from balsam of Peru; siaresinotannol and sinnaresinotannol, from 

 benzoin ; and toluresinotannol, from balsam of tolu. 



(4) Resene Resins form a group of resins which appear to 

 be associated with bitter principles. They are insoluble in alka- 

 lies and with difficulty acted upon by reagents. They include 

 alban and fluavil, from gutta percha ; copalresene, from copal ; 

 dammaresene, from dammar; dracoresene, from dragon's blood; 

 olibanoresene, from olibanum. 



(5) Glucoresins or glucosidal resins, as the resins of Jalap 

 (p. 452) and scammony (p. 657). 



Resins occur in 33 families of the Spermophytes. 



KINO. MALABAR OR EAST INDIAN KINO. The 

 inspissated juice of Ptcrocarpiis Marsiipiiim, and probably other 

 species of Pterocarpus (Fam. Leguminosae)', trees (p. 294) 

 indigenous to Southern India and Ceylon. The juice exudes 

 through incisions made in the bark, and is allowed to dry in the 

 sun. The drug is exported from Madras and is known as Mala- 

 bar or East Indian Kino. 



Description. Small, angular, opaque, black or reddish- 

 black, translucent, glistening, brittle pieces, nearly free from dust ; 

 the thin laminae appearing transparent and ruby-red at the edges ; 

 inodorous ; sweetish, very astringent and adhering to the teeth 

 when chewed, the saliva being colored red. 



